When a lot of SCM beginners communicate with me, I always say that I am a beginner of MCU. How can I learn MCU faster? I should start with it. For this question, now how do I learn microcontrollers, how to get started, how to skillfully talk about ideas.
Let's talk about the single-chip microcomputer. Now we use a lot of 8-bit single-chip microcomputers with 51 as the core (considering the cost and pin resources used in the actual development of 51 single-chip models), it has a lot of learning materials, and the learning cost is very high. Low, maybe some beginners will say that the company is not using 51 MCUs, more is Song Han, Elan, but I want to say that those MCU auxiliary development tools do you have? 51 single-chip microcomputer for the introduction of intelligent electronic technology is very advantageous, low cost, simple development, first-line download program, ARM is too mysterious, PLC is too noble, think about it or 51, there have been AVR and PIC, but now 51 is not bad .
So how can we learn the microcontroller faster and better?
As a combination of electronic technology and computer programming technology, MCU is a subject that attaches great importance to hands-on practice. If you are a master of MCU, then you are also a master of computer programming and electronic technology.
Second, learning MCU must read books
I can't always read a book, but learning it must first read a book. Isn't this contradictory? Because from the book you need to understand the various functional registers of the microcontroller (such as pin control register, timing, interrupt, serial port related registers), the core of the control microcontroller is to use the program to control each function register of the microcontroller, assign binary data 0 or 1 to the register. For internal resource registers such as interrupts, timers, serial ports, and AD conversion, the microcontroller can also be set and used with binary data 0 and 1. For example, the microcontroller pin register P1, statement P1 = 0xfe; (MOV P1, #0FEH) refers to the first pin of the control microcontroller P1 port output low level, the other pin output high level, the peripheral circuit according to the high and low level jobs. For example, the interrupt enable register IE, statement IE = 0x81; (MOV IE, #81H), the sub-switch that controls the interrupt to open the main switch and external interrupt 0. Of course, the registers of the microcontroller can also accept bit control, which makes programming more convenient.
As for reading a book, it is enough to know what functions can be achieved by knowing each pin of the microcontroller and each function register. This is very important, and this may be one of the main purposes of the MCU reference book.
For the first time, you may not understand the second time, but it doesn't matter because there is still a lack of actual sensory perception. Through the following experiments, you can be very sensible. In this process, you must spend time. The learning program can't be hard-pressed, but the learning register must work hard to understand his function, and when the words are back.
Recommend a book, this is enough, the title is "column 8051", there are two versions of assembly language and C language, and now it is the third version. A very powerful book, no advertising, no limitations, unlike training manuals, not like textbooks, is a very good reference book. I read the book with a time of May Day holiday. After reading it, I felt that I was already a master of MCU. Many of the abstract knowledge was no longer abstract. The book is full of pictures and texts, and the content arrangement is tight and orderly. It is not a lot of technical documentary books on the market. What do you have to learn the concepts, learn the instructions, learn the instruction interface, and learn the interface to know that the original learning MCU is like Xuetianshu because The previous chapters have made you feel dizzy, and you are better off watching yourself.
How do you read a book? The first step is to read the first two chapters step by step according to the arrangement of the book. When your brain starts to heat up and feel that you are an engineer, the next step must be practice. It must be practice. This is very, very important. Of course. Practice is not necessarily the kind of left-handed electric iron right-handed universal board, it can also be the simulation software Proteus, or a simple single-chip experimental board of its own circuit principle road (do not use a lot of patch devices, see for a long time Clear the circuit connection). During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang’s heavy slogan told us that the paper talked about the harm of the people and the learning of the MCU. Many graduate students and even doctoral students of related majors did not know the distribution of the IO port of the MCU until graduation. I don’t know the distribution.
As long as the first pass is passed, the road behind will be easy to walk, and everything will be difficult to get started.
Second: If you have a single-chip reader, you have a strong ability to do it. Ask him for help. Take a simple MCU minimum circuit, even if it is a circuit that controls LED flashing. As long as you pass the circuit design, programming, and program download under your eyes, you have to thank him for a lifetime, because you are already getting started. For them, being the smallest system board for a single-chip computer is a breeze, but for beginners it is difficult, and the middle layer of window paper is broken. Because in this process, you learned how to download the program to the inside of the microcontroller, how to identify the microcontroller, how to design the minimum circuit of the microcontroller. Why are there many students in electronics and computer science who are not good at finding a job, because many of them have not seen MCUs when they are designing their resumes.
Because only know the hardware, you can use it skillfully. Only knowing how the program is downloaded will make it clear why you should write a microcontroller control program. This power comes from where it comes from.
SCM programming is to talk to the MCU. If you don't know who the other party is, do you listen again, will you still have the urge to speak? Of course, if there is no such person, or that sentence, look for a few minimum circuit schematics on the Internet, and solder on the breadboard. Of course, this will not be, then it is recommended that you must buy a simple experimental board, after the learning experiment and project test of the single-chip microcomputer are used.
Fourth, how to enter the world of microcontroller development
With the MCU experiment board, you have to practice more. It is better to have a computer, download a few movies, less online games, connect the experiment board to the computer, install the necessary software (Keil Proteus STCisp), download Refer to the program and modify the reference program. Start with the simplest traffic light experiment. When you find that you can control the traffic light and understand the soft and hard design of the traffic, you have already got started. You will find out how fascinating the microcontroller is. Ah, this is not learning knowledge, but improving your own value.
The traffic design with such a wide range of uses is not a problem, will you still be bothered by your own skills? Will you feel that you can't do anything? The professional knowledge of computer programming and electronic technology is used.
When the program you write is implemented as you wish, it is more fun than what you do. It is very rare to have a sense of accomplishment and a sense of accomplishment. Then let the digital tube light up to show the number you need. At this point, you can't extricate yourself. You have already begun to consider which line you want to go in your life.
Getting started, what is called entry, you have to be worthy of yourself.
My request is very simple, there are only three points to get started with the microcontroller:
1. Independently master the use of the two softwares of Keil+Proteus and design a simulation version of the traffic light.
2. Independently connect the minimum circuit of the MCU on the breadboard, and download the HEX file that controls the LED flashing through the downloader to see the effect.
3. Know the motivation of your MCU and make a plan for your own study.
But when you write the program, you will definitely encounter a lot of problems, and then you will go to the book to find, in which you will find the programming book you have learned before, and the book of several electric models, you will find the original The knowledge I have learned before is still useful. If you don't understand, then go to the books you have studied before. This is the principle of "getting warm and knowing new things, you can be a teacher." Knowledge must be used in real life, solve practical problems, use a single-chip computer to design a simple home appliance timer, infrared remote control, in order to play its role, think about it, after so many years of college, explored for so long, hesitate Hey, every day, what did you learn in class? ,
Is it busy for the final exam of 60 points, I am lucky to rely on 90 points, I am very happy, how to learn how to learn in front of others, how do you know how to study in college, not like the high school exam, how to get a scholarship? . I think about it after the beginning of the next semester, and the knowledge I have learned has been forgotten. What have you learned? Why should we recommend learning MCU? Because MCU is a science student, it is a combination of computer programming electronic technology and multi-door control language. It is not so much to learn MCU, but to study a university.
Five, learning microcontroller is assembly programming or C language programming
Questions about programming in assembly and C language.
This problem is annoying to many people, but I feel that learning assembly language and C language is like learning a dialect and Mandarin in a society. Have to master, take care of yourself. It may be mainly the teaching of the school and the guidance of some teaching materials. The freshman opened the C language programming. Before the students knew what the C language had in practical use, other languages ​​came at once. Even if a special MCU course is opened, the content of the course is very familiar with the technical documentation. Although there are many programs, there are not many complete programs, so I don’t know what to do after learning. Why should I learn programming?
Many of my classmates have opened a C language class, and I have also been there, but then it was a few days, a few plus a few, and a factorial, using C language to solve primary school math problems, twice a week. Machine, non-stop typing against the book, is completely practicing typing speed. I didn’t know what I had mastered in class, and I learned what it was for. What is the use of learning?
If at the time of the interview, the boss asks, have you learned programming, what is in your mind right now, "C language, VC, VB. Many, what C language is based on engineering, and what VC is advanced object-oriented", But the boss asked, you can apply the C language you have learned to the actual development, such as designing a C language for timed alarms. This is stupid, the teacher has not taught.
MCU programming can be used in C language or assembly language, but I suggest using C language is better, modular management programming is convenient, portability is strong, suitable for writing large programs. If you have the foundation of C language, it will be better to learn. If you don't have it, you can learn C language while learning microcontroller. Although many people start to contact microcontrollers from assembly language, writing assembly language assembly language is still simple. If you want to implement some algorithms, assembly language is not simple. Although the amount of code after C language compilation is obviously longer than the assembly, and the execution efficiency is not as high as the assembly language, but in the previous development of the chip technology in the microcontroller, and the limitations of the main frequency of the microcontroller, many of the internal memory of the microcontroller is small, the main frequency It is also small enough. But now it's different. The memory root inside the chip doesn't care about this difference. The frequency is also getting higher and higher.
Does the assembly language not learn? No, you must learn. There are two aspects to first use the assembly language when you start the microcontroller. Its syntax is simple. Second, if you are a senior designer of a single-chip program, the assembly language is incomprehensible. Many advanced microcontrollers are assembly language as the boot code, and many new microcontrollers are also the first assembly language. The C compiler is only available after the compiler. Therefore, I think that for the introduction of MCU learning assembly language, C language proficiency, assembly language is proficient.
There is a saying that makes sense "single-chip C language master is definitely an assembly language master, but assembly language masters are not necessarily C language masters"
Finally, for the learning of the single-chip microcomputer, the entry is first. After getting started, it is necessary to pay attention to the market, pay attention to the enterprise, what kind of talents the enterprise needs. I want to know the type of the single-chip computer needed by the enterprise before the interview, and soon Just get started, after all, learning is the same.
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