“No sensing is not smartâ€, sensors are commonly used in smart lighting . The society is constantly improving, and human beings are studying the science and technology more deeply. Especially in the 21st century, with the popularity of computers, the information age has quietly arrived. As long as we pay attention to it, we will find that all kinds of electrical equipment are spread all over the production and living areas. A significant number of electrical devices are involved in sensor applications.
The universality and necessity of sensor technology application
1. 1 Background of sensor application
We mainly perceive outside information through various senses, including sight, hearing, smell and touch. The feedback information is analyzed and judged by the brain and the corresponding treatment is dealt with. The relevant limbs of the human body will act according to the instructions, which is the instinct of human beings. Of course, relying on our sense of five senses, the speed and comprehensiveness of information processing are greatly restricted, and human perception has limits. For example, temperature, we can not distinguish the microscopic changes in temperature. Then this requires electronic devices to help sense processing in a timely manner. In this case, various types of sensors have emerged.
1. 2 Universality of sensor applications
Specifically, the sensor refers to a component or device that has a feeling (or response) and a detection function for a certain information of the measured object, and converts it into an output signal corresponding thereto according to a certain rule. In the field of modern living, we can get more exposure to all aspects of sensor applications.
In the field of industrial production, the factory automation of the production line, fully automatic processing equipment and all kinds of intelligent testing equipment, without exception, the corresponding sensors. The application of the sensor not only greatly increases the production efficiency, but also reduces the labor intensity and avoids harmful work erosion.
In the field of household appliances, sensors are also widely used, such as fully automatic washing machines, rice cookers and microwave ovens. The application of this technology has greatly facilitated the life of modern people, making the quality of life higher and higher. In the field of medical and health, ultrasonic diagnostic equipment, thermometers, electronic pulse meters, medical ventilators, tomography (CT) and nuclear magnetic resonance diagnostic equipment have all applied sensor technology. These have played an important role in improving people's living standards and improving their quality of life and health.
In addition, the application of sensor technology in the military and defense field is more common, and various detection devices, such as infrared night vision detection, radar tracking, precise guidance of weapons, etc., envisage that if there is no sensor, the national defense will face great difficulties. In the aerospace field, sensors are used in air traffic control, navigation, flight management and autonomous driving, and instrument landing blind drop systems. It is impossible to realize remote sensing telemetry of artificial satellites without sensors.
1. 3 The need for sensor applications
In any case, sensors have become an important device for people to obtain information. As one of the three pillars of information technology, sensors have become an indispensable means of information collection for modern information systems and various equipment. They are also an important method for microelectronics technology to transform traditional industries, and to improve economic efficiency, scientific research results and production technology. Level plays a decisive role.
As a new type of technology, the level of technology directly affects the level of information technology, and it also greatly affects the development and application of information technology. At present, sensor technology has penetrated into various fields of science and national economy, and plays an increasingly important role in industrial and agricultural production, scientific research and improvement of quality of life. The development of cutting-edge science and emerging technologies requires sensor technology to be equipped, and the promotion and application of computers cannot be separated from sensors. The combination of sensors and computers has become a symbol of the progress of the times.
From the perspective of human development needs and life pursuits, sensors have become an indispensable part of the technological leadership era. With the application of sensors, work and life are more convenient and more high-end. Therefore, sensor applications are very necessary, and life-oriented sensor research is imperative.
The significance of the era of intelligent lighting system construction
Today's world economy is gradually globalizing, and the regional economy is also showing an integrated model. With the constant pursuit of material spiritual life, people's requirements for work and living environment are getting higher and higher, especially in terms of flexibility, efficiency and comfort. In this sense, traditional work and residences are no longer suitable, intelligent buildings, intelligent communities, intelligent homes, etc. are timely. On this basis, various automation systems such as building automation, communication automation, office automation, and home automation are constantly appearing.
The requirements for lighting in buildings are getting higher and higher. The traditional lighting technology has been strongly impacted by the times, and it has been eliminated by the times and cannot meet the requirements of low carbon and energy saving in the current era. The modern lighting technology has undergone profound changes. The "smart lighting" technology with sensor application as the main feature has emerged and rapidly developed, which has formed an important trend in the development of lighting technology.
Application of sensor technology in intelligent lighting buildings
3. 1 Application effect of sensor technology in intelligent buildings
Building intelligence for new sensor applications has become the mainstream technology in today's building development, covering a wide range of services, from air conditioning systems, fire protection systems to security systems and sophisticated computer networks and communication systems. In the building, the intelligent lighting system is more and more obvious, and its application in intelligent buildings is more and more extensive. Its application effect is as follows:
(1) Intelligent lighting control
The intelligent lighting building uses an intelligent lighting control system that allows the lighting system to work in a fully automatic state, and the system works along a number of pre-set states and commands. The state of these jobs is automatically changed to meet the needs of the surrounding environment within a defined time. For example, the day is getting late, the light can not meet the passenger demand, the system will automatically enter the night work state, and automatically adjust the brightness of each area. Moreover, the lights in the unmanned area will be automatically turned off under the command of the system detection function, and the lighting of the pedestrian area will be adjusted to the most appropriate brightness. In the case of special needs, we can also change the illuminance of each area by scheduling the program to adapt to the scene requirements from various occasions.
(2) The energy saving effect is obvious
Intelligent lighting control system with sensor as the main component, using advanced power electronics technology, can carry out the most intelligent intelligent dimming. For many lamps, such as incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, sodium lamps with special ballasts, mercury lamps, neon lights, etc., when the outdoor light is weak, the indoor illumination is automatically brightened; when the outdoor light is strong, the indoor illumination will be automatically dimmed. According to the spot check comparison, the energy saving effect of the general office building can reach more than 40%, and the energy saving effect of general shopping malls, hotels, subway stations, etc. can reach 25%-30%.
In addition, the intelligent lighting management system adopts the way of setting the lighting working state, which not only improves the management level, but also reduces unnecessary maintenance costs.
3. 2 Application of sensor technology in intelligent lighting buildings
3. 2. 1 Principle of Intelligent Lighting System
Simply take the above picture of a single-chip microcomputer as an example to illustrate the special position of sensing in intelligent lighting systems. The device is an intelligent lighting device system constructed by various types of signals (optical signals and human body signals), acquisition devices, control devices, interface circuits, and the like. Under the condition that the building corridor is turned on, the intelligent lighting system will detect the presence of the human body by using appropriate sensors to match the strength of the appropriate light in the circuit detection environment. The identification of these human body signals and the intensity signal of the ambient light are recognized and intelligently judged, and the information is packaged and sent to the single chip microcomputer. The MCU then performs switching operations on the lighting device through the control circuit based on the information. If the human body is not detected, the light will automatically adjust to be off and off. Conversely, the system automatically turns on the lighting. This achieves both lighting control and energy saving.
According to the above system control flow, through the configuration of each component, you can get the hardware structure diagram of the following system:
3. 2. 2 Application examples of sensing technology in intelligent lighting buildings
According to the actual lighting needs, the intelligent lighting system uses lighting contactors and sensor technology to place high-efficiency energy-saving lamps inside and outside various buildings. It intelligently selects the level of illumination that should be used to achieve good energy savings. After the intelligent lighting system is built by sensing technology, natural light can be adjusted to enhance the beneficial effect of natural light on the architectural light environment.
In recent years, people have put forward higher and deeper requirements for architectural lighting, especially in terms of energy saving and scientific management of lamps. Typically, the construction of a modern campus, which fits well with the Internet age, also introduces the concept of intelligence. The following is an example of intelligent lighting control in the campus to illustrate the integration and application of sensing technology.
At home and abroad, there are many engineering practices that have achieved results in the field of building automation (BA) and landscape lighting. Especially the design and construction of the new university city will also adopt the design principle of building automation, and follow the design idea of ​​intelligent application of sensor technology. Its goal is to highlight the characteristics of the control system "smart lighting, scientific management, energy saving, and convenient operation". In the operation scheme, the control method of “reasonable subdivision of the control loop and reasonable setting of the loop†is used.
The basic components of a university campus lighting control system are as follows:
1) The main control center. The school needs to set up a main control room. The system uses the general-purpose computer as the main control center to communicate with the network through the RLI NK communication device. The master can directly implement programming, monitoring, fault alarm and other functions on the computer. Computers on the LAN can also be monitored through the main control center.
2) Rl ink communication device. It is the communication hub of the main control center and the various units of the system network, automatically realizes RS485/RS232 signal conversion, and has the system self-diagnosis function and automatic fault alarm function.
3) Lighting controller. The core part of the intelligent lighting control system consists of the control module circuit, the drive module circuit, and the lighting-specific self-locking relay. Each lighting controller can work independently or be controlled by a computer center. The main control center stops working or communication interruption does not affect the normal operation of the controller. Controllers come in a variety of sizes, and a single controller can control up to 48 loops. A maximum of 500 controllers can be connected in one system.
4) Programmable switch. The intelligent weak current switch has various specifications such as 1- 8 keys. The switch itself uses 24V safe voltage, there is no danger of electric leakage, and there is no ignition or arcing during the switch operation to ensure safety. The loop controlled by each button on the programmable switch is programmed by computer, and the single button can control multiple loops. The combination can be changed at will according to the situation, which is flexible and convenient to use.
5) Dynamic sensor. Using the principle of infrared or ultrasonic, it automatically recognizes whether someone exists in the room and sends a signal to the controller to realize the dynamic control function of "people come to light, people go out."
6) Illuminance sensor. The core component is a photocoupler that adjusts the brightness of the indoor illumination by sensing the illumination of the external natural light source, enabling intelligent detection and intelligent adjustment.
7) Telephone communication device. Additional equipment required for telephone control. The user directly dials the phone and controls the lighting switch according to the prompt sound operation.
Jiangsu Bosiwei Optoelectronics Group Co.,ltd , https://www.bswledled.com