Three-point bending and four-point bending tester test method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

This testing method is commonly used for materials such as mobile phone mirrors, plexiglass, fiberglass, liquid crystal glass, and flat surfaces. While three-point bending is the standard approach, some customers may require four-point bending to achieve more accurate results. Let’s explore the differences between these two methods. There are generally two common loading stress modes in bending tests: three-point bending and four-point bending. Each has its own advantages and limitations. Three-point bending is straightforward and easy to implement, with a single loading point that creates a concentrated stress area. However, this can lead to uneven stress distribution, which might cause certain defects to go unnoticed, reducing the reliability of the test outcome. In contrast, four-point bending applies two symmetrical loading points, distributing the bending moment more evenly across the sample. This leads to more accurate results, but the setup is more complex, making it less common in industrial settings. **Three-Point Bending** involves placing a flat strip sample on two support points, forming a simple supported beam. A single loading point is positioned above the sample, and the distance between the supports can be adjusted based on the sample's length. This method is widely used due to its simplicity and ease of execution. **Four-Point Bending**, on the other hand, also uses a flat strip sample placed on two supports, but there are two loading points symmetrically positioned above the sample. This ensures a more uniform stress distribution along the length of the material, resulting in more reliable measurements of bending strength. **Bending Strength** refers to the maximum load a material can withstand before breaking under bending conditions. The calculation varies depending on the loading method and specimen geometry. For a rectangular specimen with width *b* and height *h*, the formula for three-point bending is: $$ S = \frac{3FL}{2bh^2} $$ And for four-point bending (US standard): $$ S = \frac{FL}{bh^2} $$ These formulas help engineers and technicians evaluate the structural integrity of materials used in various applications, ensuring they meet required performance standards. Understanding the differences between these two methods allows for better selection of testing procedures based on the specific needs of the project or product.

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