Three-point bending and four-point bending tester test method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

This testing method is widely used for materials such as mobile phone mirrors, plexiglass, fiberglass, liquid crystal glass, and flat surfaces. While most customers use the three-point bending method, some require four-point bending for more accurate results. Let’s take a closer look at the differences between these two techniques. There are generally two main loading stress modes in bending tests: three-point and four-point bending. Each has its own advantages and limitations. Three-point bending is simple to set up and involves a single load point, which makes it easy to use. However, the stress distribution is not even, so flaws in certain areas may not be detected accurately. As a result, the test outcome might not fully reflect the material's true strength. In contrast, four-point bending distributes the bending moment more evenly across the sample. This leads to more reliable and consistent results. However, the setup is more complex, requiring two symmetrical loading points. Because of this complexity, it is less commonly used in industrial settings. **Three-Point Bending Definition:** A standard method for evaluating the flexural properties of a material. The specimen is placed on two support points and loaded from a single point located in the center. The distance between the supports can be adjusted depending on the sample length. **Four-Point Bending Definition:** Another method for measuring flexural properties. Like three-point bending, the specimen is supported on two points, but instead of one loading point, there are two symmetrically placed loading points above the sample. This creates a more uniform stress distribution. **Bending Strength:** The maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking under bending. For a rectangular specimen with width (b) and height (h), the formulas differ based on the loading method: - **Three-Point Bending:** $ S = \frac{3FL}{2bh^2} $ - **Four-Point Bending (US Standard):** $ S = \frac{FL}{bh^2} $ These formulas help engineers and technicians determine the mechanical performance of materials under different loading conditions, ensuring that the right testing method is chosen for each application.

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