The engine exhaust contains harmful gases such as carbon monoxide (C0), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The three-way catalytic converter is a conversion device that converts these three harmful gases into harmless substances. The three-way catalytic converter is installed in the exhaust duct and has a shape similar to a muffler. The outer cylinder is made of double-layer stainless steel plate, and the interlayer is provided with a heat insulating material, asbestos fiber felt. The steel cylinder is a high temperature resistant ceramic carrier with dense honeycomb holes in the longitudinal direction (there are other shapes, such as spheres and polygons). , mesh separator, etc.), the surface of which is sprayed with a very thin layer of platinum, rhodium and palladium active catalytic layer as a purifying agent (also called catalyst).
"Three-way catalytic converter" blockage failure performance1. The first stage is a slight blockage stage. At this stage, the chemical complex is adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst. Only the exhaust gas purification function is reduced. Exhaust gas emissions exceeded the standard.
2. The second stage is the moderate blockage stage: the chemical complex has accumulated to a certain extent on the surface of the catalyst, and the exhaust back pressure is increased at this stage. Increased fuel consumption and reduced power
3. The third stage is the severe blockage stage. Due to the serious blockage, the "three-way catalytic converter" operating temperature rises. A high temperature sintering plug is formed at the front end of the three-way catalyst.
4, high temperature sintering blockage. High temperature sintering plugging is divided into two types: one is metal sintering blockage. One is blocked by coke sintering. It is determined by whether or not the lead or manganese-containing antiknock agent is used in the fuel. At this stage, the power is seriously degraded, and the flame is often extinguished. In severe cases, the exhaust pipe burns red and even causes the vehicle to spontaneously ignite.
In the three-way catalytic converter is affected by its own working environment and its conversion performance characteristics, there will be various faults in the process of use. For example, engine power loss, flameout or start-up difficulties, and excessive exhaust gas emissions due to blockage of the three-way catalytic converter are likely to interfere with our fault diagnosis.
1. Check whether the oxygen sensor voltages before and after the three-way catalyst are consistent. If they are consistent, the three-way catalytic converter is damaged, that is, it is blocked or the ternary burner is burnt because of engine fire.
2. Hold your hand to the exhaust pipe to see if you can feel the airflow. If you don't feel it, it means blockage.
3. Remove the air filter. In the original place, step on the gas pedal. When you look at it, you will smoke from the air filter.
4. The temperature difference between the temperature and temperature of the three-way catalytic converter to determine whether it is blocked.
5. The maximum speed is not reached during the test, and the acceleration is poor.
Why must I clean the three-way catalyst?One of the reasons: the gasoline used in automobiles has a high content of sulfur and phosphorus, and it can form a chemical complex on the surface of the oxygen sensor and the three-way catalyst.
The second reason: urban roads are crowded, and the opening and closing conditions will cause the fuel to burn insufficiently, and insufficient combustion products will adhere to the surface of the three-way catalyst.
The third reason: the vehicle is doing carbon cleaning when cleaning nozzles, throttles, and intake ports, and particulate matter will contaminate the three-way catalyst.
1. The ternary purification function is reduced or even ineffective, and the vehicle cannot meet the exhaust emission standard, resulting in a shortening of the service life of 30,000-200,000 kilometers by 30,000-500 kilometers;
2, the three-way exhaust is not smooth, the back pressure is increased, the vehicle waste oil, the power is reduced, and when it is serious, it will block the three yuan, causing serious shortage of vehicle power and even causing the vehicle to spontaneously ignite.
and so:
1. Every 10,000 kilometers of vehicles must be cleaned for three yuan!
2, feel the vehicle waste oil, power decline, you must also clean the three yuan!
3, the vehicle must be cleaned three yuan before the annual exhaust gas condition test!
4 Every time the vehicle is used to clean the injector, throttle and intake, it must be cleaned at the same time!
The service life of the three-way purifier is only 30,000-50,000 kilometers. The cleaning of the ternary purifier can be extended to 100,000-200,000 km per 10,000 km.
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