This paper introduces the development status, trends and future application areas of modern communication new technologies, focusing on the development of new communication technologies such as access core, optical fiber communication, and third-generation mobile communication.
First, the development of new communication business
In today's society, human beings have entered the era of informationization. The development speed of multimedia communication services, IP-based services, mobile data communication services and intelligent network services has become more mainstream than voice services. With the rapid development of data services, the broadband and multimedia of communication services in the future is a major trend in communication development. In terms of broadband services, it is roughly divided into the following types: 1. High-speed data and graphic communication services; 2. Interpersonal video communication services; 3. Acquisition of video services; 4. Broadcast programs and data transmission. At the same time, due to the rapid development of IP networks and mobile networks, services based on IP and third-generation mobile communications will grow significantly. On the other hand, due to the continuous evolution and convergence of various networks, many new services based on network convergence have emerged.
Second, the core network technology
The development trend of communication networks is broadband, intelligent, personalized and integrated, capable of supporting various narrowband and broadband, real-time and non-real-time, constant rate and variable rate, especially multimedia services. At present, the three largest networks are telecommunications networks, cable television networks and computer networks. They all have their own advantages and disadvantages: telecom networks can support voice services with high quality, but the bandwidth is not enough. All program-controlled switches are based on voice transmission. Bandwidth design. At the same time, there is not enough intelligence. Although there is intelligent network service, it still can't reach the intelligence of computer network. Although computer network can support data service well, it has poor real-time performance, can't guarantee QOS, does not support telephone and real-time image services, and network management. Billing and security are not enough; although the cable TV network has good real-time and broadband capabilities, it cannot communicate in both directions, without switching and network management. All three networks are gradually evolving, so that they have the advantages of the other two networks. The telecommunication network provides high-speed access and interactive multimedia services of the Internet through the use of optical fiber, XDSL, Ethernet and ATM technologies; Cables use HFC technology for two-way transformation, while network companies build networks around Internet technology and strive to support the entire business on the same network.
Based on the tremendous impetus of the rapid development of the Internet, IP network technology has become the de facto mainstream network technology. However, with the introduction of full service requirements, the IP network gradually exposed its technical deficiencies. In order to improve the IP network from three aspects of addressing, performance and security, the IPv6 protocol emerged. Based on the current IPv4 protocol, many major improvements have been taken in IPv6, such as network capacity and scalability, user access convenience, the effectiveness of intermediate nodes for IP packet processing, and support and security for real-time services. There have been great improvements in terms. The future core network is evolving towards IP-based or IP/ATM-based multi-service networks and ultimately to the integrated service network. Various non-IP services will be connected to such a core network via a corresponding media network through local narrowband and broadband, fixed or mobile access methods.
Third, access network technology
An access network is a set of transport entities consisting of a service node interface (SNI) and a related user network interface (VNI), such as an implementation network consisting of a unified aperture device and a transmission device, which provides the required transport bearer capability for telecommunication services. It can be configured and managed via the management interface. Generally speaking, the access network is a bridge between the core network and the user or user premises in the public telecommunication network, and is an implementation system of the local switch to the user terminal.
With the diversification of telecommunication services, broadband integrated access technologies based on the broadband of access networks have developed rapidly. In the broadband process of access, AKSL, VKSL, and lightweight ADSL-VDSL, which are part of XDSL, will continue to receive attention. In the fiber access network, the DLC will be upgraded to a DLC with broadband access capability according to the need to superimpose the broadband module. The ATM-based broadband PON (APON) will be stepped into an important access mode supporting full service. With its original bandwidth advantage, cable TV networks will become an alternative to interactive digital video and Internet broadband access through cable modems and set-top boxes (STBs) through two-way transformation. Under reasonable frequency planning, LMDS and the MMDS after two-way and digital transformation may become a competitive wireless fixed access method for emerging network operators to provide broadband access capabilities quickly and flexibly. The multi-channel satellite digital TV broadcasting and data simulcast system using DBS technology will gradually cooperate with communication.
In short, from the perspective of GII, various broadband access networks, including various wired and wireless access networks, are connected to the backbone network through corresponding media networks, which is a better transition to the next generation network system. s solution.
Fourth, optical fiber communication technology and third generation mobile communication technology
Optical communication was a new technology developed in the late 1970s. Since then, optical communication technology has risen to a new level every few years. The fiber transmission capacity has almost doubled every year, and the first generation of fiber-optic communication systems used as urban inter-office relays has evolved into a fourth-generation fiber-optic communication system combining DWDM and amplifiers. The transmission rate has grown from 10 Mb/s per pair of fibers to more than 10 Tb/s today. The optical transmission system was gradually replaced by the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) from the original Plesiochronous Digital System (PDH). A fiber-optic communication network using the SDH system is also called a synchronous optical network (SONET). Synchronous optical network is a second-generation network, which can be called an opto-electric hybrid network. Its transmission is realized in the optical domain, but the exchange of information, the distribution and insertion of data streams at the network nodes are all completed in the electrical domain, and its performance is inevitably affected. The processing rate of electronic devices is limited.
In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet, the original optical transmission network has been unable to meet the requirements, and people have developed a third-generation optical network. The third-generation optical network is an all-optical network, which uses optical fibers as a physical medium and is composed of optical devices such as optical wavelength division multiplexing devices, optical amplifiers, optical switches, and optical routers. The all-optical network uses optical nodes instead of electrical nodes, and signal multiplexing, transmission, exchange, storage, and service scheduling are performed in the optical domain, avoiding repeated conversion of photoelectric signals, improving signal quality and overcoming photoelectric conversion device response. The slow bottleneck speeds up the signal transmission rate. Although some of the technologies of the third-generation all-optical network are still in the exploratory stage, it is foreseeable that in the near future, all-optical networks will occupy an increasingly important position in communications.
V. Conclusion
In a world where communication technology is ubiquitous, people are feeling a life that is gradually being changed by new communication technologies. Although there are some new technologies that have been replaced by newer and easier-to-implement technologies that are not suitable for development, this is also reflecting the rapid development of new communication technologies. These new technologies have enormous commercial potential, and once they enter the commercial and practical phase, they will bring huge economic benefits to operators. Of course, it will also make the dreams of the majority of communication users come true.
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